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常识“阮籍”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 阮籍
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阮籍210—263

三国魏文学家、哲学家。阮瑀之子,“竹林七贤”之一。字嗣宗,陈留尉氏(今属河南)人。才藻艳逸,旷达任性。在曹氏与司马氏斗争中,党附于曹氏,任参军。曹氏失败后,闻步兵营人善酿酒,乃求任步兵校尉,世称“阮步兵”。曾凭吊楚汉古战场,感叹“时无英雄,遂使竖子成名”。司马氏杀君篡权,标榜名教,籍则纵酒佯狂,以“白眼”看待遵奉名教之士,但口不臧否人物,得以在复杂的政治斗争中保全自己。寄意于老庄,高谈玄理,成为曹魏后期玄学的代表人物之一。认为“天地生于自然,万物生于天地。”主张把封建伦理的名教与自然相结合,使上不凌下而卑不犯贵。长于五言诗,有“咏怀诗”八十二首。多讥刺时政,抒发了愤世嫉俗之情,但好用比兴手法,隐晦曲折。亦善于文,作《大人先生传》,痛诋礼法之士,喻之为裤裆里的一群虱子。原有集,已散佚。明人辑有《阮步兵集》,近人黄节有《阮步兵咏怀诗注》。

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