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常识“吴历”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 吴历
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释义 吴历(1632—1718)清画家、诗人。原名启历,字渔山,号墨井道人,又号桃溪居士。江南常熟(今属江苏)人。父早亡,家道中落。少时学经于陈瑚,学诗于钱谦益,学琴于陈岷,学画于王时敏、王鉴。稍长,遂以卖画为生。母、妻亡后,乃萌出世之念,初好佛,后于康熙二十一年(1682)入天主教为耶稣会修士,教名西满。后升司铎,居澳门七年,复归乡里。其山水画有重名,为清初六家之一。其诗钱谦益称之为“思清格老,命笔造微”(《题桃溪诗稿》)。著有《墨井集》。生平事迹见《清史稿》卷五〇四、《国朝耆献类征》卷四六五、陈垣《吴渔山年谱》。
吴历(歷)(1632—1718)明末清初江苏常熟人,又名子历,字渔山,以字行,号墨井道人、桃溪居士。少孤,受经学于陈确,学诗于钱谦益,学画于王时敏,学琴于陈砥阮,后专意学画。明亡,痛心国事,从耶稣会士柏应理至澳门,学拉丁文,七年而归。传教于上海、嘉定等处约三十年。晚年弃家从天主教,擅山水,与王翚同师王时敏。论者谓王翚以清丽胜,吴历以冷隽胜。与王时敏、王鉴、王翚、王原祁、恽寿平合称“清六家”。兼工书法,又精于刻竹。著有《桃溪集》、《三巴集》等。
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