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常识“丁口”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 丁口
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释义 丁口①历代统计人口、制订赋役的用语。始以男女成年为丁,人即称口。后渐以丁称成年男子,丁与中相对,户与口相举,以丁口泛指人户。宋代亦称成年男子为丁口,征丁口赋。明始以成年男子为丁,非丁者称口;又通常称成年女子为女口。清为人丁、女口的合称。十六岁至六十岁的男子为人丁,缴纳丁银,承服徭役。妇女为女口,一般免纳丁徭,但在浙江、江西、福建、广东等省则沿旧例交纳食盐税,故又称“食盐课口”。统计人口时,计丁不计口,只有在征收食盐税地区,才编入女口。实施“摊丁入亩”后,各地食盐税也陆续摊入地亩征收,丁口不再成为丁银的派征单位。乾隆五年(1740),实行保甲户口统计法,人丁、女口全部统计,男以丁计,女以口计,总称丁口。②指人口税。黄宗羲《明夷待访录·田制三》:“有明两税,丁口而外,有力差,有银差,盖十年而一值。”蒲松龄《聊斋志异·促织》:“里胥猾黠,假此科敛丁口,每责一头,辄倾数家之产。”
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