常识“哈萨克族”是什么意思，起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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常识“哈萨克族”是什么意思，起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇	哈萨克族
正文
释义	哈萨克族史称阖萨、曷萨、阿萨、可萨等。中国少数民族之一。主要分布于新疆维吾尔自治区。人口1110758人（1990年）。建有伊犁哈萨克自治州、木垒哈萨克自治县、巴里坤哈萨克自治县。族源可追溯到西汉时的塞种、月氏、乌孙、康居、阿兰、匈奴等。六世纪中出现的突厥，以及葛逻禄等突厥部落，蒙古兴起前后的契丹、乃蛮、克烈、钦察等部皆为其重要来源。至今哈萨克族中仍保留有乌孙、克普恰克、克烈、乃蛮等部落名称。哈萨克，意为“避难者”或“脱离者”，十五世纪时，锡尔河下游部分游牧民在克拉伊及扎尼别克率领下脱离乌孜别克汗国东迁楚河流域，以此自称，是为哈萨克族形成之始。明末清初，与准噶尔部进行长时间的交往与斗争；清朝平定准噶尔、统一新疆后，大部分归属清朝。沙俄向亚洲扩张时，原属清朝的哈萨克的大部分逐渐被侵占，但仍有不少陆续迁回祖国。主要从事畜牧业，兼营农业、狩猎业。保持着较完整的氏族部落组织。部落内最小的生产组织和游牧聚落为“阿乌尔”。语言属阿尔泰语系突厥语族克普恰克语支。有文字。信仰伊斯兰教。建国后实现了社会改革，各项事业均有发展。
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