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常识“洪范传”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 洪范传
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释义 《洪范传》北宋王安石著。在对《尚书·洪范》的注释中阐述了自己的哲学见解。认为“五行”是水、火、木、金、土五种物质元素,天地万物都由五行变化而生成。指出“五行也者,成变化而行鬼神(按即奇迹),往来乎天地之间而不穷者也,是故谓之‘行’。”万物的运动、变化的原因是事物间的对立矛盾,“有耦”、“有对”。强调一切事物“皆各有耦”,“耦之中又有耦”,故“万物之变遂至于无穷”。将事物变化的形态概括为“相生”和“相克”,“其相生也,所以相继也;其相克也,所以相治也”。提出视和听在认识过程中的作用,“明则善视,故作哲,聪则善听,故作谋”,以善视、善听作为智慧的来源。对“五事”(貌、言、视、听、思),主张以“思”为主,肯定了人思维的作用。提出“愚者可诱而为智也”,“不肖者可革而为贤也”。对“五福”(寿、富、康宁、攸好德、考终命)由先天命运决定的传统说法提出异议:“五福者,自天子至于庶人,皆可使慕而欲其至。”但对封建等级制度持维护态度,“若夫贵贱有常分矣”。编入《王文公文集》。
洪范(範)传书名。北宋王安石撰。一卷。载《临川先生文集》。作者以刘向、董仲舒、伏生言灾异之蔽,别著此传。说明自然界虽有变异,但并不可畏。反对传统的天人感应说,以水火木金土五种元素为天地万物的根源。提出五行的一切属性“皆各有耦”,并贯串于自然界、社会人事和一切事物,“耦之中又有耦焉,而万物之变遂至于无穷”。重视后天的实践,强调“明则善视,故作哲,聪则善听,故作谋”,以视、听为思的源泉。为研究王安石哲学思想的重要资料。
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