常识“限田”是什么意思，起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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常识“限田”是什么意思，起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇	限田
正文
释义	限田限制私人占有土地的数量。汉武帝时土地兼并严重，董仲舒主张限民名田，但未实行。绥和二年（前7），哀帝接受师丹、孔光等人建议，下诏限田。规定贵族、官吏、地主等占田不得过三十顷。因遭权贵反对，哀帝本人又一次赐与宠臣董贤田二千顷，限田之令实际废罢。后代在土地兼并严重，社会矛盾尖锐时，也往往下诏限田，但都不能贯彻。北宋曾限制官员占田，仁宗时规定臣僚占田不得超过三十顷，衙前将吏十五顷，此外许置墓田五顷。徽宗《政和令格》规定：品官之家，田产在规定限额内，免除差役和科敷，超过规定则不免。一品官限额百顷，九品十顷。孝宗时，又规定各品官限田数减半，品官子孙又为父祖之半。然官员常以诡名、寄产等方式隐瞒超额田产，限田流于形式。南宋末年，当局假借限田，强买民田，时称*公田法。金世宗、章宗时，在国有土地范围内实行限田，规定女真贵族和权要之家等，除牛具税地外，只许再占官田十顷，所余官府收回，授予无田百姓。至清代，则有黄中坚撰《限田论》，反对任何均田、限田制度，认为只须正版籍、禁欺凌、轻徭薄赋，天下便可以大治。
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